i’d reckon there’s got to be a cognitive tool for recognizing this, something in a cognitive toolbox, for discerning the difference, and variations involving both, or sequences of variations, some brain structures for that sort of thing, instincts for, tuned up by experience of the world of course
there are many others likely, say behind/side of/front of, that sort of thing, for example
back to inside/outside
I can see lots of animals having instincts for inside/outside, numerous examples are going through my head, say a rabbit looking out from the entrance/exit of its warren, checking for dangers, it has instincts for or related inside/outside (mechanisms that do something like that), and consider further a large eagle flying high above, watching the rabbit, the eagle too maybe has brain structures working on the behavior of the rabbit, working on something perhaps to do with the rabbit being inside/outside, perhaps the rabbit is neither or both
anyway a leap now, to Venn diagrams for a moment, and more imagine some shapes, shuffle them around, inside each other, outside, overlapping, whatever
anyway, without going on too much, this thing, these concepts related inside/outside, seem to me to be really important to all sorts of thinking
a thought experiment now, consider a specific cognitive deficit, in or of your self if you can, though it’s maybe easier to imagine someone else has a deficit, so consider you observed such a thing in someone else, what would you see, or not see, what would it look like
would a person be able to function at all, and what might a partial deficit look like
