All Large Objects in Universe Will Eventually Evaporate, Astrophysicists Say

According to quantum mechanics, a vacuum state is populated by virtual particle pairs undergoing spontaneous creation and annihilation processes. These quantum fluctuations can turn into real particle pairs in the presence of a background field. The most prominent example of such a process is the Schwinger effect predicting the creation of charged particle pairs in the presence of an electric field. In new research, astrophysicists at Radboud University show the existence of a local gravitational particle production mechanism in curved spacetimes similar to the Schwinger effect for electric fields.

More…

If black holes evaporate, then at some stage black holes should become stars again, as the event horizon disappears.

Yeah

Tau.Neutrino said:

If black holes evaporate, then at some stage black holes should become stars again, as the event horizon disappears.

Another possibility is that a evaporating black hole could reach a stage where it would explode ?

dv said:

Yeah

I’m not convinced that predictions of what will happen billions of years in the future are very reliable.

Tau.Neutrino said:

If black holes evaporate, then at some stage black holes should become stars again, as the event horizon disappears.

Black holes are defined by their mass, angular momentum and charge. You can’t build stars from that. This is the “loss of information” thing. You’d think you could re-build a star from a collapsing black hole, but you can’t. That’s why they are weird. You can have Planck scale black holes. Black holes don’t collapse in to stars as they evaporate, they just become smaller black holes.

The Rev Dodgson said:

dv said:

Yeah

I’m not convinced that predictions of what will happen billions of years in the future are very reliable.

Yeah

You could pump all the hydrogen in the universe in to a black hole. As the black hole evaporates, you don’t get an accumulation of hydrogen building within the black hole. The atomic composition of the hydrogen is lost the moment it passes the event horizon. The information defining that atomic composition is irretrievably lost.

esselte said:

You could pump all the hydrogen in the universe in to a black hole.

IDK man, sounds risky.

dv said:

esselte said:

You could pump all the hydrogen in the universe in to a black hole.

IDK man, sounds risky.

Yeah

esselte said:

You could pump all the hydrogen in the universe in to a black hole. As the black hole evaporates, you don’t get an accumulation of hydrogen building within the black hole. The atomic composition of the hydrogen is lost the moment it passes the event horizon. The information defining that atomic composition is irretrievably lost.

Ok.

It all depends on whether the proton is completely stable.

In supersymmetry the proton is unstable at very long time scales decaying to a positron, which will evaporate. But if supersymmetry is wrong and the proton is stable, then planets are forever.

As for normal evaporation (i.e. sublimation), that ceases as the temperature of the universe drops towards absolute zero.

As for evaporation akin to black hole evaporation, I don’t know, but suspect that it doesn’t apply to planets.

esselte said:

You could pump all the hydrogen in the universe in to a black hole. As the black hole evaporates, you don’t get an accumulation of hydrogen building within the black hole. The atomic composition of the hydrogen is lost the moment it passes the event horizon. The information defining that atomic composition is irretrievably lost.

… according to one (possibly rather naive) extrapolation of theories based on actual observations.

mollwollfumble said:

It all depends on whether the proton is completely stable.

In supersymmetry the proton is unstable at very long time scales decaying to a positron, which will evaporate. But if supersymmetry is wrong and the proton is stable, then planets are forever.

As for normal evaporation (i.e. sublimation), that ceases as the temperature of the universe drops towards absolute zero.

As for evaporation akin to black hole evaporation, I don’t know, but suspect that it doesn’t apply to planets.

I thought it was supposed to end with a cold, uniform soup of isolated photons.