Good questions are these that provide for mediating conceptions re the perceptual apparatus. Where perceptions of the percepetual apparatus venture conceptions of the perceptual apparatus.
Regards colour vision, if starting with cones these are wideband antennas I suppose – transducer – you can’t scan and sample the entire EMR spectrum, so you have higher IR down the low end (longer wavelength), and at the other end blue etc (shorter wavelength). Some of the work of colour perception appears to start with the different outputs from different cone types. Perhaps more interesting are the ‘filters’ downstream that would have been shaped back through biohistory to do with identifying/distinguishing different things, like plant life tends to be green being an obvious one. These ‘filters’ are necessary because scanning even the full range of just our visible spectrum with say X resolution (say like a spectrum analyzer) isn’t going to be particularly helpful. If you extended the visible range to include the rest of the IR and UV the other way it’d be a mess to work with, you’d need even a greater range of ‘filters’, and you’d see all the IR radiating out of the pavements around the place, and of UV that’d be bouncing around everywhere during the day.
Then there is the ‘experience’ of colour, which is really the experience of the ‘filters’. This the territory of qualia.
What explains the significant uniformity of the experience/s (ignoring for a moment the important exceptions). Same of hearing.
Is it the agreement required of that shared existence and experience of ones own lifetime and overlapping lifetimes alone that explains it, perhaps all the way back before Adam?
Well, yes, but it’s important also that we are all built from something similar, all the while living plants tended to stay green and look like staying that way into the future.
Conception and perception can be said to co-evolve also, speaking of the convergence across a human population, agreement, of the ‘social field’ I’ll put it.
There’s probably qualia operating to get us aspects of what goes into social instincts also (processing to do with interpreting information about behaviour, including native psychology).
I think in the end much of perception is about ‘economy’, including what can be reliably replicated.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_vision