> We have mathematical formulas to explain the physics in our universe, could you create mathematical formulas for physics in fiction. For example the people fall off a cliff and pause momentarily before falling, is it actual possible to create a plausible mathematical formula to explain this.
First off, the mathematical side of the physics in some of the fiction books by Greg Egan (but not all) is phenomenal. In “The Clockwork Rocket” a new relativity is invented with the metric s^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+c^2t^2. Note the use of +c^2 instead of Einstein’s -c^2. Mathematical consequences include a speed of light that varies with wavelength, a universe that is finite in extent, as well as extremely interesting changes to the laws of thermodynamics.
The “momentary pause before falling” idea is an interesting one. Suppose gravity travels at a speed v_g smaller than the speed of light, let’s say that it 1% of the speed of light. Then gravity requires 4.25 seconds to get from the centre of the Earth to the person falling off the cliff. Would that suffice to get a 4.25 second delay between leaving the edge of a cliff and falling downwards? No, as it happens it wouldn’t.
However …
Let’s suppose that physics is such that gravity is quantised and hence transmitted by means of gravitons (in much the same way that electromagnetic forces are transmitted by photons, the inverse square law of gravity would be preserved). Further suppose that those gravitons have a very large energy. Then a person’s momentum would be conserved after leaving the cliff face and there would be no falling until a graviton was exchanged – and in that case a person leaving the cliff not only could, but always would pause before falling. Not surprisingly, general relativity would no longer work, but special relativity and quantum mechanics would both still work. There are subtleties involved in making gravity an attractive rather than repulsive force, and the heavy graviton would have cosmological consequences, but yes, it is actual possible to create a plausible mathematical formula for that physics.