Most spiders are solitary, only coming together to mate (there are exceptions: for example, in some species of Nephila (the golden orb weaver) a male lives in the web with the female.) Some spiders, such as Anelosimus eximius, form colonies of cooperating individuals, sometimes up to 50000-strong. Unlike social insect colonies, which have limited breeding individuals, the others being infertile, and frequently have distinct castes, social spiders are all fertile, and all are capable of doing any job. Advantages of sociality include access to larger prey than individuals could attack on their own, cooperative brood care: all adults look after – and even feed by regurgitating food – the young, better web/nest maintenance, and better defence from predators. While all of the spiders are fertile, not all reproduce, which seems to be a result of the female’s nutrition: reproducing takes a lot of energy, so if the mother’s body’s not up to it, it doesn’t happen. Among A. eximus, only 5-22% of the colony members are male.
There are 23 known species of social spider, including an Australian huntsman, Delena cancerides, out of about 45000 known spider species.
http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160122-meet-the-spiders-that-have-formed-armies-50000-strong