http://arxiv.org/pdf/1603.02213

131pages.
2 SCIENTIFIC CHALLENGES IN NUCLEAR ASTROPHYSICS………………………….. 12
2.1 What Is The Origin Of The Elements? ……………………………………………………………….. 12
2.1.1 Introduction For Non-Experts …………………………………………………………………………. 12
2.1.2 Current open questions………………………………………………………………………………………13
2.1.3 Context……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
2.1.4 Origin of the Elements Strategic Thrust 1: The Nuclear Physics of Element
Synthesis and Model Validation…………………………………………………………………………………15
2.1.5 Origin of the Elements Strategic Thrust 2: Advancing models of individual
nucleosynthesis processes …………………………………………………………………………………………..18
2.1.6 Origin of the Elements Strategic Thrust 3: Nucleosynthesis Yield Grids ……….23
2.1.7 Origin of the Elements Strategic Thrust 4: Observations of Element Production
Signatures ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………24
2.1.8 Impact on other areas in nuclear astrophysics …………………………………………………25
2.2 How do stars work?……………………………………………………………………………………………..26
2.2.1 Introduction for non experts…………………………………………………………………………….26
2.3 How do Core-Collapse Supernovae and Long Gamma Ray Bursts Explode?……35
2.4 Compact Object Binary Mergers and Short GRBs ……………………………………………..42
2.5 Explosions of White Dwarfs ……………………………………………………………………………….46
2.6 Neutron Stars……………………………………………………………………………………………………….55
2.7 Big Bang Nucleosynthesis…………………………………………………………………………………….68

Figure 2 is worth a look because it includes an island of stability beyond uranium, as well as new nucleosynthesis paths that I’ve never seen before.

Figure 3 is a startling simulation of the centre of the start of a supernova, showing element formation densities.

Figure 6 is a pretty Hydrodynamics simulation of the inside of a red giant star. At the time of helium flash.

Figure 7 is a fuzzy image of the Sun’s core as observed in neutrino detectors.

I like the way that this article lists unsolved questions and I like the way it describes experimental facilities.

Figure 22: The highest nuclear physics priority of the nuclear astrophysics community
is the expeditious completion of the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams FRIB. FRIB offers fast, stopped, and reaccelerated beams of unstable nuclei that govern the synthesis of elements in novae, supernovae, x-ray bursts, neutron stars, and neutron star mergers.