I once contributed to Wikipedia on the taxonomy of the feathered dinosaurs, the Coelurosauria, a group that includes both birds and T.Rex. But even I get lost among the most recent taxonomies as to how these little fellows relate to the modern birds.
Let’s see how I go.
We have Dinosauria – Saurischia – Theropoda – Coelurosauria
That much is clear.
Below that we have
Coelurosauria – Tyrannoraptora – Maniraptoriformes – Maniraptora
Tyrannoraptors that are not Maniraptoriformes include T.Rex, Ornitholestes and Compsognathus. Maniraptoriformes that are not Maniraptora include Ornithomimus.
So far so good.
Below that we have
Maniraptora – Pennaraptora – Paraves – Eumaniraptora – Avialae
Pennaraptora that are not Paraves include Oviraptor. Eumaniraptora that are not Avialae include Dromaeosaurs and Troodontids.
The Avialae include Archaeopteryx and modern birds. Um, something is wrong here, where do out 99 million year old friends fit in this scheme? No wonder I get lost. Let’s work from the other end.
Our 99 million year old friends are Enantiornithes, a group which includes Protopteryx but not modern birds. The modern birds (Aves) are descended from the Euornithes, which is a sister group of the Enantiornithes. “Enantiornitheans were more advanced than Archaeopteryx and Confuciusornis, but in several respects they were more primitive than modern birds.”
The descent of the birds is
Ornithothoraces – Euornithes – Ornithuromorpha – Ornithurae – Aves
Ornithurae that are not Aves include Hesperornis and Ichthyornis.
Keep trying
Avialae – Euavialae – Avebrevicauda – Pygostylia – Ornithothoraces
Pygostylia that are not Ornithothoraces include Confuciusornis. Avialae that are not Euavialae include Archaeopteryx
Got it at last!
So, based on my understanding of the descendents Archaeopteryx all being called “birds”, it is correct to call these 99 million year old fossils “birds” and incorrect to call them “feathered dinosaurs”.
To summarise, the taxonomic line of descent of birds from dinosaurs is:
Dinosauria – Saurischia – Theropoda – Coelurosauria – Tyrannoraptora – Maniraptoriformes – Maniraptora – Pennaraptora – Paraves – Eumaniraptora – Avialae – Euavialae – Avebrevicauda – Pygostylia – Ornithothoraces – Euornithes – Ornithuromorpha – Ornithurae – Aves
Excuse me for concluding from that that taxonomy has now gone totally and completely bonkers.