> Rice physicists are closing in on a way to create a new condensed matter state in which all the electrons in a material act as one by manipulating them with light and a magnetic field. The effect made possible by a custom-built, finely tuned cavity for terahertz radiation … Bose-Einstein condensate in 1995 when it prompted atoms to form a gas at ultracold temperatures in which all the atoms lose their individual identities and behave as a single unit … an extremely high-quality cavity to contain an ultrathin layer of gallium arsenide, a material they’ve used to study superfluorescence. By tuning the material with a magnetic field to resonate with a certain state of light in the cavity, they prompted the formation of polaritons that act in a collective manner.
Um, not understanding. The recent talk of instantons + entangled polarisation had made me look up “polariton” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polariton
but what I found was disappointing. There is no possible link to either instantons or polarised photons at all. Polaritons are just like phonons, which are just brief sound waves, like the S, P, Raleigh and Love waves that propagate away from Earthquakes.
But “polariton” does make sense here, because a polariton is a coupling between a sound wave and a light wave. Light travels more slowly in a solid medium because of the refractive index. If the refractive index is sufficiently extreme then light in the solid medium can slow down to about the speed of sound in that material – making it possible to get sound from light and light from sound.
Not a clue, though, as to why anyone would want to call it a “polariton”.