The health benefits of resistant starch (RS) are currently gaining attention. A recent study reported that high intake of RS increases fatty acid oxidation in the liver and, thus, prevents high fat induced obesity. RS also provides fewer calories (3 kcal/gram) than most digestible carbohydrates (4 kcal/gram), which is important to individuals who are dieting. In addition, RS provides other physiological functions such as lowered cholesterol levels, decreased blood glucose level, and positive colonic effects.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3296917/
Ongoing research to develop digestion-resistant starch for human health promotion integrates the disciplines of starch chemistry, agronomy, analytical chemistry, food science, nutrition, pathology, and microbiology. The objectives of this research include identifying components of starch structure that confer digestion resistance, developing novel plants and starches, and modifying foods to incorporate these starches.
https://academic.oup.com/advances/article/4/6/587/4595564
We need to eat a wider variety of fibre from food, according to current research. We are doing a great job of eating roughage like wheat bran which promotes bowel regularity. What we need to eat more of is fermentable fibres such as resistant starch, that help to support good gut bacteria.
We can feed our gut bacteria or microbiome by eating foods rich in resistant starch, e.g. lentils, peas and beans, cooked and cooled potato, cold pasta salad, firm bananas, and certain wholegrain products. Eating a diet with a variety of fibre is a great way to keep your digestive system healthy.
https://www.csiro.au/en/Research/BF/Areas/Nutrition-and-health/Nutrition-and-gut-health/Resistant-starch